Of that group, only Machado (1875-1939) is considered to have been first and last a poet. A complete list of the generational writers who published on what Ortega y Gasset, the brilliant Spanish philosopher and essayist, called « la razón geográfica de cada lugar» (the geographic reason of each place) would be quite long a few of the more important names are Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo, Ángel Ganivet, Pío Baroja y Nessi, José Martínez Ruiz (better known by his pen name, Azorín), and Antonio Machado y Ruiz (Serrano Poncela 176). Or, as Shaw succinctly wrote, they meditated upon the landscape, «underscoring its symbolic value and soul» (209). According to him, these writers discovered it by communicating a vision of beauty in its severe, bold lines, and they invented it by portraying its connections to the Spanish psyche. Laín-Entralgo, a Spanish psychiatrist turned cultural critic, maintained that the Generation of 98 discovered and invented the Castilian landscape (Hutman 114).
The landscape literature of Spain's Generación del 98 (Generation of 98), a group of young writers concerned with the regeneration of Spain after its defeat in the Spanish-American War of 1898, serves as one source of inspiration for this turnabout.
The rootless modern must develop a sense of place, including an aesthetic appreciation of even the most modest environs.
The Signification of Sorian Landscapes in Antonio Machado's «Campos de Castilla»Īs the twentieth century closes, many agree that literature must inform the growing concern over human survival 1 1.
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